Vježbanje i prehrana usko su povezani, jer intenzivni trening izaziva pojačanu tjelesnu aktivnost, pa su energetske potrebe sportaša veće nego potrebe ljudi koji se sportom ne bave aktivno.
Upravo glavni razlog individualne i prilagođene prehrane za sportaše je unapređenje njihove snage i izdržljivosti, a ovisi o vrsti sporta, spolu, dobi, prehrambenim navikama …, kao i o vremenu odmora, natjecanja ili priprem.
Kako bi upravo prehranom poboljšali rezultate, sportaši i rekreativci moraju jesti ciljanih od pet do šest obroka na dan, a u svakome od obroka obvezno trebaju biti zastupljene sve nutritivno hranjive tvari koje će tijelo iskoristiti na najbolji način i imati maksimalnu učinkovitost.
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